धर्म
dharma
Say: DHAR-ma
Duty, ethical order and the way of living that sustains life; its meaning depends on context.
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Glossary
Sanskrit words encountered in the stories, with Devanagari and approximate pronunciation.
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dharmakarmaAtman · ātmanbrahmanMoksha · mokṣabhaktiShakti · śaktidevaDevi · devītapasyantraPurana · purāṇaJyotirlinga · jyotirliṅgaItihasa · itihāsaBrahmastra · brahmāstraLinga · liṅgaAvatar · avatāraAsura · asura
कर्म
karma
Say: KAR-ma
Action, and the consequences of action in teachings about moral cause and effect.
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Atman · ātman
Say: AAT-man
The Self; schools differ in their account of its relationship to ultimate reality.
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brahman
Say: BRAH-man
Ultimate reality in Upanishadic and Vedantic thought. Brahman is distinct from Brahma, the creator deity.
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Moksha · mokṣa
Say: MOKE-sha
Liberation from samsara, the cycle of rebirth; its nature is understood differently across schools.
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bhakti
Say: BHAK-ti
Devotion and loving dedication to the Divine.
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Shakti · śakti
Say: SHAK-ti
Power or energy; divine power, especially the Goddess in Shakta traditions.
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deva
Say: DAY-va
A divine being or god; the feminine form is devi.
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Devi · devī
Say: DAY-vee
Goddess; also a title for the Divine Mother.
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tapas
Say: TA-pas
Spiritual discipline and austerity, associated with inward effort and transformation.
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yantra
Say: YAN-tra
A diagram or device; in worship, a geometric form associated with a deity and contemplation.
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Purana · purāṇa
Say: pu-RAA-na
A genre of sacred narrative including divine stories, cosmology, genealogies and teachings.
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Jyotirlinga · jyotirliṅga
Say: JYOH-tir-LING-ga
A radiant form of Shiva’s linga, associated with sacred shrines. The Shiva Purana’s Kotirudra Samhita names twelve principal jyotirlingas.
Source & contextFind this term in the heritageइतिहास
Itihasa · itihāsa
Say: i-ti-HAA-sa
Traditional narrative of the past; in this guide, the epic literature of the Ramayana and Mahabharata. Itihasa is named alongside Purana in Chandogya Upanishad 7.1.2.
Source & contextFind this term in the heritageब्रह्मास्त्र
Brahmastra · brahmāstra
Say: brah-MAAS-tra
A divine weapon associated with Brahma. In Sundara Kanda 48, Indrajit uses Brahma’s weapon to bind Hanuman.
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Linga · liṅga
Say: LING-ga
An emblem or sign; in Shaiva worship, the linga is a sacred form through which Shiva is worshipped.
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Avatar · avatāra
Say: a-va-TAA-ra
A divine descent or manifestation, especially in traditions of Vishnu. Bhagavad Gita 4.6–8 discusses Krishna’s manifestation and its purpose.
Source & contextFind this term in the heritageअसुर
Asura · asura
Say: A-su-ra
A class of beings who may cooperate with or oppose the devas in sacred narratives. In Bhagavata Purana 8.7, devas and asuras take part in the ocean churning.
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